Gender and Female Aesthetics free essay sample

Womantext, Hard Choice by Sunnie Ododo is a play that uncovers female style just as demonstrating the way that the female is all the more normally daring and various models are appeared to back up this view. The term â€Å"Feminism† has various definitions which include: - According to the Oxford Advanced English Dictionary ,’’ Feminism is the conviction and point that ladies ought to have indistinguishable right and openings from men. It is the in equity that exists between the sexual orientation - Feminism is an assortment of developments planned for characterizing , building up and shielding equivalent political, monetary and social rights and equivalent open doors for ladies. The significant women's liberation investigation will be talked about under the imagery, pictures of womanhood, Feminism inclinations and feel, female portrayal. Above all else the play presents to the conventional wedding service between the Igedu ruler in the Yoruba land, and the Emepiri princess, Princess Agingae at the play unfurling. This advancement to the emergency or strife that is, the occasion that caused the robbery of King Iginla the prince’ father’s crown which prompted the complexities that realized reality with regards to the queen’s shrouded mysteries as an audacious lady. We will compose a custom paper test on Sex and Female Esthetics or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The battle that emerges inside the play, likewise includes some portrayal, for example, Chief Ubanga, the situations of finding the crown by Bashorun, the passionate phases of the princess whose feelings have been altered and there by needs the touches of her affection Prince Oki( page 24). The emergency in the play increases as it uncovers some enthusiastic forces, for example, the Queen’s activities and the result of her activities which uncovers the female style in the focal character. This female style will be examined quickly

Influencing Factors of the Company Disclosure Level

Affecting Factors of the Company Disclosure Level Earlier proof and theories In view of the hypothetical structure principally concerning data asymmetry, office issue, flagging hypothesis and political costs hypothesis, numerous past investigations have endeavored to figure and test a few theories on the impacting elements of the organization exposure level. This segment will survey the discoveries of a few earlier looks into just as setting up speculations for the current study.â (1). One of the most amazing highlights of Chinese capital market is thought to be its one of a kind market structure, which includes three significant sections: An offers which are just offered to household residents in local cash; B shares which are just given for remote financial specialists in outside money, yet exchanged local trade markets; and H shares which are exchanged SEHK in remote currency.â Given their various qualities, for example, posting market, posting necessities, bookkeeping norms and detailing condition, their revelation practices and exposure approaches are relied upon to change systematically. Therefore, one of the fundamental expectations of the present investigation is to test whether organizations, of which offers are has a place with the three diverse market portions, show distinctive divulgence designs. Initially, outside posting status is a significant component that recognizes H shares-guarantors from different organizations giving just An or A+B shares. For this element alone, consistence with Chinese GAAP and IFRS is compulsory for these Chinese firms that issue both An and H-shares. Appropriately, the IFRS-based yearly report must be evaluated by a universally perceived examiner; while the Chinese GAAP-based yearly report might be inspected by nearby bookkeeping firms, and any distinction in total compensations between these two arrangements of bookkeeping data must be accommodated and introduced in the fiscal summary. All things considered, organizations with An and H shares are dependent upon extra posting prerequisites just as divulgence rules, subsequently more noteworthy data exposure can be normal from these organizations than different firms recorded uniquely in the household showcase. Aside from administrative necessity, H-share organizations are likewise compelled to uncover more data. Accepting the essential target for Chinese firms posting on universal stock trades is to acquire capital at the most minimal conceivable cost, they have to contend with the other SEHK-recorded firms of which the westernized corporate administration frameworks are commonly accepted to be compelling as far as guaranteeing an excellent budgetary report through legitimate inward control frameworks. Difficult to deny that, contrasting and other SEHK-recorded firms, H-share PRC firms are usually expected to have altogether more prominent unfavorable determination and good risk issues because of their absence of earlier exchanging history, the constrained straightforwardness of corporate administration and the executives control framework, and outside investors’ worry about the superb state ownership.â Given these drawbacks raised from data asymmetry and the potential financial outcome of expanded markdown rate, H-share firms ought to have more prominent motivators to focus on progressively serious data exposure so as to decrease their organization cost. Past exact investigation by Ferguson, et. al(2002) found that organizations with both An and H-share giving uncover significantly more monetary data than absolutely locally recorded PRC firms just as other SEHK recorded organizations. Then again, it is commonly seen that organizations just recorded on the local trades (counting organizations with just An offers and organizations with both An and B shares) will in general embrace a moderately progressively mystery divulgence approach, which display minimal intentional revelation if any data past the trade necessities (Haw et al., 2000). Ferguson, et. al (2002) offer a few clarifications: Firstly, the idea of open data divulgence is moderately new to both the speculators and corporate directors in PRC where the essential deliberate bookkeeping standard was first proclaimed since 1992. Given the less evolved showcase situated bookkeeping framework and the frail revelation culture, Tang (2000) calls attention to that contrasting with other trade markets with develop bookkeeping frameworks, responsibility to outside speculators is less worried by most Chinese corporate chiefs; additionally, the lion's share singular speculators are new to the assessment and utilization of budget summary disclosures. Secondly, Ferguson, et. al (2002) contend that on the grounds that the present capital market is encountering the change from the in the past state-controlled economy to the new market model, there stays some old worries of financial specialists underscoring on the state plan. That is, neighborhood speculators despite everything will in general spotlight on â€Å"inside† data, for example, foreseen activities by the controlling government substances as opposed to depending on open data like budget summary divulgence (DeFond et al., 1999). Hence, corporations’ motivating forces and investors’ want for data exposure have all the earmarks of being less solid for organizations just recorded on residential market than firms recorded on remote trades; thus, more noteworthy degree of data revelation is normal for organizations giving both An and H shares than firms recorded uniquely on household advertise. The subsequent guesses are as following: H1: Companies with both H shares and An offers will in general unveil more data than organizations giving just An offers; H2: Companies with both H shares and An offers will in general reveal more data than firms giving both An and B shares. The most significant distinction between An offer and B share is that An offers must be possessed and exchanged by Chinese residents in Chinese cash, while B-offers must be claimed and exchanged by outside speculators in either Hong Kong money or US dollars. Accordingly,â the bookkeeping guidelines relevant to firms giving just An offers is Chinese GAAP; while, for organizations giving both An and B shares are required to apply with Chinese GAAP just as IFRS. The IFRS-based yearly report must be inspected by a universally perceived inspector, while the Chinese GAAP-based yearly report might be evaluated by nearby bookkeeping firms, and the error between the two arrangements of examined money related reports should be accommodated with the IFRS and showed in the yearly report for residential speculators. Due to the diverse administrative necessities, organizations with both An offer and B-share giving are relied upon to reveal more data than firms with just An offers. Since contrasting and littler CPA firms, which are thought to be progressively touchy to customer requests because of the monetary results related with the passing of a customer, bigger and worldwide notable reviewing firms have a more noteworthy motivation to keep up autonomy from customers pressure for constrained revelation as a result of the financial outcomes related with potential harms to their notoriety (Chow and Wong-Boren, 1986). In this manner, bigger CPA firms have a more prominent motivating force to require unfriendly divulgences by the customer, thusly expanding the degree of data exposure (Patteon and Zelenka, 1997). Interestingly, bookkeeping data inspected by household examining firms might be viewed as uproarious as a result of messy data condition and insufficient guideline. (Fox, 1998; Rask, Chu, Gottschang, 1998). Before 1996 no inspecting gauges existed except for a couple of rules from the supporting administrative organizations; and until 1998 every single residential evaluator were open workers, who will in general go about as government operators and bore little obligation regarding any inappropriate conduct because of the absence of suit against them. In this manner, examiners for the most part were partnered with their customers and needed inspiration to be free from them, thusly data divulgence might be dependent upon management’s particular predisposition. In spite of the ongoing institutional changes, for example, the renewal of the bookkeeping data framework and the presentation of new reviewing gauges, which means to force stricter disciplinary guidelines, increasingly concentrated observing and endorses, the compelling actualize of administrative is still uncertainty by the market (Haw, 2008). Accordingly, organizations with just An offers are probably going to make less data revelation than organizations with both An offers and B portions of which yearly reports are affected by globally perceived inspecting firms. The subsequent speculates is: H3: Companies with just An offers are probably going to make less data divulgence than organizations with both An offers and B shares. (Ferguson, Lam and Lee, 2002) 2.4 Disclosure by PRC-recorded Firms PRC firms recorded on the two local trades willfully uncover nearly nothing, if any data past the trade necessities (Haw et al., 2000). Clarifications incorporate (1) the absence of modernity concerning money related covering the piece of the two financial specialists and corporate supervisors, and (2) speculator dependence on â€Å"inside† as opposed to open data. Open fiscal report exposure is generally new to the PRC. The primary fundamental bookkeeping standard was proclaimed in 1992 and, of the 30 gauges proposed in the mediating years, just eight have been received. In this way, responsibility to outside speculators is new to most corporate directors, and most individual financial specialists are new to the assessment and utilization of budget summary divulgences (Tang, 2000). Institutional interest in the PRC is in a juvenile state. Nearby speculators are additionally liable to put more prominent load on components, for example, foreseen activities by the controlling government elements than on budget report revelations (DeFond et al., 1999). In this way, interest for, just as gracefully of extra divulgences might be restricted in the PRC local trades. The discl

Ford Motors Marketing Strategy

Ford Motors Marketing Strategy Ford Motors Marketing Strategy Home›Marketing Posts›Ford Motors Marketing Strategy Marketing PostsIntroductionMarketing: Is defined as a managerial function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and deliver values to clients managing customers’ relationships in ways that promote the institute and the stakeholders. Marketing is derived from its original meaning of going to a marketplace to purchase or sell commodities or services.Marketing is defined by the agreement of Institute of promotion as the management course responsible for categorizing, foreseeing and satisfying consumer necessities beneficially”Marketing activities are often seen as imaginative business in the history, including advertising, distribution, and promotion and selling.In marketing there is always achieving organizational goals and this depends on knowing the requirements and needs of the market targeted and deliver the preferred satisfactions. For one to meet the organizational goals, an organization should expect the wants and needs of customers and satisfy them very effectively than competitors.Marketing is used to recognize the buyer, gratify the customer, and hold the client. With the customer as the focal point of its activities, Marketing is evolved to meet the status in developing new markets as a result of mature markets.Information system (IS): This is a combination of information technology and peoples activities by use of knowledge to sustain operations, organization, and managerial.In wide sense, information system is regularly used to refer to the communication among people, data, technology and algorithmic processes, in this sense. Furthermore, the expression is a used in the way how which people interrelate with these technologies in support of processes the process of trade. (Chappell, 2005)Why to spend days and nights on research if QualityCustomEssays.com is eager to assist you? If academic research is too complex for you, do not hesitate to contac t us at QualityCustomEssays.com and buy a research paper according to your expectations.Information systems and    information technology are two different things though usually confusing, Information system IS normally has an ICT component. It is also different from business processes. Information systems is used to manage the business performance processesIS can be termed as work system type   which is a scheme in which humans and machinery do work using resources like ICT to make precise goods and services for consumers. It is therefore a work system whose activities are dedicated to dispensation of information.BackgroundThe company Ford Motor is an American international automaker situated in Michigan a suburb of Detroit and Dearborn. It was founded by Henry Ford and integrated in 1903 16, June .Apart from the Lincoln and ford brands, He also owns a little stake in Mazda Japan and Martin Aston in the United Kingdom. Fords previous UK subsidiaries Land Rover and Jaguar They were sold to Tata Motors of India in the year 2008 March. He also sold Volvo to Geely Automobile in 2010 and in the end of 2010 discontinued the Mercury brand.He is the next main auto producer in the U. S and fifth-biggest in the planet basing on yearly vehicle sales in the year 2010. By the end of 2010, he was the fifth largest automaker in Europe. He is the eighth-ranked overall company based in American than any other automaker.IS consists of input, output processing, and feedback. It helps to produce the information that relations need to get improved decision-making, solving the problem, operations controlling, and new products creation or services.It assists a business as they contain major information about an exacting customer, place, and event that take place in the institute or the surroundings. IS are not always relevant for smaller stores as compared to larger corporations.FORD MARKETING STRATEGYFord has spent the past three years engaging clientele using an impressive, prog ressive digital marketing policy. The carmakers hard work is paying off: Fords U.S. sales are up nearly 22 percent in this year. Thats twice the increase rate of the industry as a whole, reported the Reuters recently.Appreciation to the companys obligation to creating significant relationships with clients, capital, and employing online marketer’s .Ford has rapidly become a leading brand name within the instant marketing and collective intermediate places.Forth has in the recent passed used innovative methods that include Face-book, Twitter, YouTube and other content online strategies. As a consequence, it has been able to meet its PR needs and thereby unifying its messages and convincing a clientele that continues to remain loyal through the strategy of “accessibility and transparency”. This has let to Ford attracting consumer interest in its brand.The results of this strategy has been very effective and according to Ford’s Head of Marketing, Jim Farley, Clients are spendin g more of their time with their cellular phone, smart phone or in the internet  as they are watching  over TV now, so our promotion dollars can  flow to where the general public people are, Farley told Reuters. The objective, he clarified, is to effectively break into their globallyThe Ford approach shows that one must understand the perception of the public about ones brand, the need to change it as time demands, and the eagerness to try sensible method to achieve your goals. He was inventive enough to see the need and chance in marketing using the digital technology. Of its total budget, Ford uses, 25 percent on digital technology and media, reports Reuters.Ford designs messages to reach diverse audience and target consumers using these various technologies like MyFord Touch System for entertainment, navigation and communications in its campaign activities which include, among others, YouTube.The Ford Motor Company online publicity is also focused reaching the right customers a nd consumers. The brand, for instance, connects with the technology savvy, which watch and do listening “This Week in Tech, a very popular technology programs on the web. They promote technology driven products such as MyFord Touch.Ford also leverages its relationships and social networks through innovations like bloggers. In 2009, the company established these networks and linkages with opinion shapers and entertainers to promote the release of its Fiesta subcompact car in the U.S. The company used the accessible to all Face book forums to present new product features to potential fans much ahead of traditional press such as car shows.The lessons we can learn from the Ford example is that a good strategy is to present a relevant message wherever the clientele or consumers are and where they socialize and they will be able enhance the message to great advantage. The strategy has worked for the Ford Motors brand image since it was launched.   ALG points out that, an organization th at follows purchaser awareness, Ford Vehicles “take a lead in all brands and perceived quality since 2008,” reported Reuters. Everybody is part of in instant marketing, purchaser auto confer with expert Vogelheim Charlie told Reuters. The magnitude that Ford is doing it, packaging it around events and utilizes the media with its initiate, with the purpose where the Ford is always leadingLooking where to BUY AN ESSAY?Save your time and money! Use QualityCustomEssays.com professionals service to get an A+ paper Place an order get 15%offfor your first orderUse of information systems in a marketing strategyRegardless of customer’s prize tailored service, cutting edge products, or haste and effectiveness, a corporation/company should select a functional model and technology so as to support one of its selected worth discipline.For any company to endure in the coming future, they must be able to provide more of what their customers’ value the most early enough earlier than the op position can. The operating model of a company should be able to support the company’s overall value discipline with a focus that is unwavering, regardless of its personalized price service, speed and the efficiency of the operations and its leading edge products. There are various needs for the uses of information systems in an organization that is growing and competitive in the market. Information systems are used especially in the marketing strategy in order to cut a niche in the motor market. Information systems can make a company is able to create value for its customers in places that matters the most.Information systems are very crucial in designing a marketing strategy because curbs the intense competition in the motor industry. There is a lot of competition in the industry and it is just the use of information systems that can give a company an upper hand over the other. Information systems makes the company be more effective and efficient in their marketing operations.In formation technology can reduce the operating cost of the company. This is because, the use of IS reduces the bulkiness of the information to be conveyed and reduce the time that needs to be spent designing the marketing materials. They save on the time spent on creating marketing materials and thus give the company an added advantage in doing other things that adds value to the organizations operations.It is therefore, clear that the Ford Motors have employed this marketing strategy to be able to maintain the motor market worldwide. For example, the creation of 3D images for advertising makes the products of the company look real and attractive. The customers will be attracted to the images that are portrayed and would want to buy such products and be associated with them.The globalization of business operations in the Motor industry has changed over a very long time. The world has become really small and the pace at which things operate is very fast. Companies have realized the ne ed to use technology in order to capture the market need. It is only through the use of the emerging Medias like the internet and television that a company will be able to reach a wide range of customers. The Ford Motors have employed such strategies and this has enabled them maintain their niche and reach a wider range of people.For organizational change, there is a paramount need for any growing company. The Ford Company was established in 1903 at an era that technology was inconsequential, but in this age of technology and information systems, the Ford Company is still moving strong and still maintaining its market share. It is due to the effective and efficient marketing department that is vigilant with the changes in the society. It has been able to arrest the changes that are occurring in the environment and being able to incorporate it to the company.The generational change in the organizations personnel is one of the crucial ways of adopting technology. The continuous proces s of recruitment is very important. It enables the company to hire young generations that are vast with the technology system. They bring in innovativeness and creativity and as such they are able to bring new idea to the marketing strategies. They are able to put in new blood and the life that is required to be able to attract the people of the 21st generation who are the most consumers today.  (Currie, 1999)They young generation are said to be the most consumer, their lifestyle is very fancy and need the use of accessories that gives the motor industry the market. It is just up to the motor industry to reach to the relevant consumers by designing a marketing strategy that appeal to the target clients.With technology revolution today, any company should be at par with it in order to make an impact in the business world. For the Ford Motors, has been able to employ all these strategies in order to maintain its share. The 21st century is one of rapid technology were everything has t o be fast and reach the target market in good time when the information is still relevant.The technologies changes with time and the Ford Motors have been able to change do this with time. They have been able to ensure quality assurance in all their products via information systems and have been able to meet consumers worldwide. They have a watchdog that its main work is to monitor the trends in the relevant industry and report to the marketing department so that they can be able to take the relevant measures.For a lot of organizations, one of the initial steps is often the hardest and requires valour, doggedness, and self-assurance to determine what customer truthfully value. If the merchandise and forces that companies are equipped to make available are not in synch with purchaser requirements, they have got to be transformed.In other words Information Systems (IS) is a scientific field of study that address the variety of strategic, administrative and operational tricks concerned in the meeting, dispensation, storing, supply and use of information, and the linked technology, in the social order and institution. The term information systems used to portray an organizational purpose that relates IS facts in manufacturing, government organizations and not-for-profit institution. IS is often referred to the communication between algorithmic procedure and know-how. This communication can take place inside or crossways managerial limits.An information system is not simply the technology an organization or institution uses, but also how the organizations work together with the machinery and the how the technologies operates with the organization’s business procedure.ConclusionInformation systems are put into practice inside an organization for the reason of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of that organization. The capabilities of the IS and uniqueness of the organization, its work systems, its employees, and its progress and achievement methodologies mutually verify the degree to which that principle is achieved.Marketing management relies on a variety of technology inside the range of its promotion efforts. Computer-based information systems can be engaged, aiding in improved dispensation and storage space of information. Marketing researchers   use the systems to invent improved methods of translating data into information, and for the formation of improved statistics gathering technique. Information technology also aid in ornamental an MKIS software and hardware mechanism, and advance a companys selling decision-making procedures.Ford, as a company, has dedicated a lot of time and money in improving superiority within their operation as and their products. They recognized the overseas car makers were see to be much more technically sophisticated and had achieved a point of superiority than the American car makers. Hen also discovered that they were not able to keep up with the rapidly changing technology and not competent to meet up the order for new and innovative car plan. By focusing on Quality, Ford is now able to react more quickly to consumer demands because they can manufacture their product more efficiently without sacrifice manufactured goods values.He is very efficient at targeting their announcement for their viewing spectators. When developing advertisement for the Ford Probe, Ford consulted with a psychologist who bases produce color advice on the theory that confident colors and shades appeal to women more than men. Based on the proposal presented by the psychologist, Ford ran announcement with hot red tinted cars for gents and cooler highlighted cars for women. Through their advertisements, Ford is announces that they have attained a high level of excellence and their goods are technologically superior.

Ronald Reagan The Great Communicator Essay - 1015 Words

Ronald Reagan is known as the Great Communicator by many. In 1992, as he delivered a speech at the Republican Convention, one would not doubt his excellence in public speaking. He demonstrated superiority of speech and was easy to critique because of the situation, the content of his speech, his credibility, and his delivery. The Republican Convention was held in support to reelect Republican Candidates President Bush and Vice President Quayle. There was an extremely large audience in support of the Republican campaign. Reagan was overwhelmed by the amount of applause and cheering from the audience. In fact, balloons, posters, and flags were everywhere displaying the pride of the nation and the Republican Party. The†¦show more content†¦Reagan stated that not only is America advancing rapidly, but also the best is yet to come. He noted a wide variety of accomplishments that America has experienced throughout the past several years. Reagan stressed that the rest of the world looks to America as the one nation for leadership. America was not the first force that defeated communism, and it has not always been a road of success. At one time, America was a country with mortgage rates that had doubled, but now we are sending individuals to the moon. He also noted that the ultimate direction is in t he eyes of God. He used the phrases Americas best days are yet to come and the country of tomorrow to not only grab the attention of the audience but also to gain support for Bush as he lives for the future. Reagan satirized Democratic candidates Bill Clinton and Al Gore. The audiences reaction was overwhelming in response to those satirical remarks. Reagan strongly encouraged the audience to choose the Republican candidates, for they do not inhale, and America would only fall under a president that speaks no truth. Reagan emphasized education as an important mental tool for the future. He believed that the most profound education begins in the home. He encouraged the need of parents to spend a significant amount of quality time to build a firm educational foundation. Furthermore, educationShow MoreRelatedThe Great Communicator : Ronald Reagan1300 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Dowling The Great Communicator The year is 1980. America is in a slump. Unemployment rate is at an all-time high, families and the economy are still recovering from the Vietnam War, and are suffering from the failure of the presidency of Jimmy Carter. The U.S. economy is in the worst state it has been in since the Great Depression - inflation is at 13.5 percent, unemployment is at 9.5 percent and the federal discount rate is at 14 percent. 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He would wrightRead MoreRonald Reagan, The Great Communicator Of The United States Of America Essay2033 Words   |  9 PagesRonald Wilson Reagan, the great communicator of the United States of America began his legacy of embodying the conservative movement during one of the most famous speeches in American history. Before Ronald Reagan became the fortieth president of the Un ited States, he began his switch from acting and movies to government and politics. Early in Reagan’s career he saw himself as a democrat, with Theodore Roosevelt as his hero. This would change thru his acting and professional career as Ronald ReaganRead MoreBest Vs. Worst Communicators967 Words   |  4 PagesBest vs. Worst Communicators Throughout history the careers of prominent men and women have been elevated or destroyed by the way they communicate a message to their particular audience. 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What Is a Solomonic Column Its All in the Twist

A Solomonic column, also known as a barley-sugar column or a spiral column, is a column with a twisting or spiraling shaft. Features of a Solomonic Column: Shaft of the column is turned in a twisting, corkscrew patternCapital (top) of the column can take many shapes, including the Classical Ionic and Corinthian forms History of the Solomonic Column: The spiral shape, common in nature, has adorned buildings since the dawn of recorded history. According to legend, spiral columns ornamented the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. However, if Solomons Temple existed, it was destroyed more than 500 years BC. In 333 AD, Constantine, the first Christian emperor, used spiral columns in a basilica dedicated to St. Peter. Could these columns have been relics from the Temple of Solomon? No one knows. A new St. Peters, constructed in the 16th century, incorporated spiral columns. Cosmatesque style mosaics decorate twisted Solomonic columns at the Basilica Of Saint John Lateran, Rome (see photo of Pope Francis near an inlaid column). Over the centuries, the spiral Solomonic column shape became became incorporated into many styles, including: ByzantineMoorishIslamicRomanesqueBaroqueAmerican Spanish RevivalSpanish Mission Craftsmen in England, France, and the Netherlands also used spiral-shaped columns and posts to ornament furniture, clocks, and alters. In England, the corkscrew detailing became known as barleysugar or barley-sugar twists. To explore the history of architectural Solomonic columns, see: Spiral Columns in Salisbury Cathedral by Richard Durman in ECCLESIOLOGY TODAY, Journal of the Ecclesiological Society, Issue 29, September 2002, pp. 26-35 (PDF file) Learn More: Also Known As: Barley-sugar column, barleysugar column, spiral column, torso column, twisted column, turned column, curly column, corkscrew column Common Misspellings: solmic, salamic, salomonic, solomic Examples: Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem Book: Cosmatesque Ornament: Flat Polychrome Geometric Patterns in Architecture by Paloma Pajares-Ayuela, Norton, 2002

The Expectancy Theory of Motivation Free Essays

The Expectancy Theory of Motivation The Expectancy Theory of Motivation Mr. Jeffrey Kiger Western Governor’s University LET 1 Task 1 Abstract The Expectancy Theory of Motivation was developed by Victor Vroom in 1964. The theory is not without its critics however, most of the evidence is supportive. We will write a custom essay sample on The Expectancy Theory of Motivation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Expectancy Theory helps to explain the motivations of employees in both a positive and negative ways. A lot of people in the workforce feel this way about their jobs or careers. Although they have probably never thought much about why they feel this way or asked themselves â€Å"what can I do to overcome these feelings? The Expectancy Theory of Motivation There are 3 relationships that are associated with the expectancy theory of motivation. The first relationship is effort-performance, which is the perception by employees that a certain amount of effort will lead to an acceptable performance standard. The second relationship that this theory explains is that individuals believe the desirable outcomes are the result of performing at a certain level. The final relationship that is related to the expectancy theory of motivation concerns the correlation between rewards and personal goals. This part explains to what degree a company’s rewards satisfy an individual’s personal needs or goals. The relationship also stresses the importance of those possible rewards for the employees. The employees seem to have a number of issues that they need to overcome in order for them to be successful with the new production process. It seems like Supervisor A is having trouble communicating and motivating with his team. All 3 of the Expectancy Theory relationships seem to be prevalent in this situation. Some of the team members don’t think that they can physically do the job. A portion of the employees feel that the new production system is too demanding for their abilities. The company needs to re-examine the processes, break them down to more basic steps, and then spend a little time retraining the production teams. The employees will then see that they can meet the production goals. Some of the other employees don’t want to do the job, they can meet the production goals but they have decided that it isn’t important enough to do so. They have determined that the effort isn’t worth it because other employees get paid the same amount even though they don’t reach the same production goals. They haven’t understood the actual relationship of performance to reward. They are putting the focus on the other employees and forgetting about themselves. The company needs to address this conflict in order to have successful production teams. The last group of employees do not think that the rewards for achieving the company’s production goals will mean much to them at the end of the week. They are obviously concerned about their personal goals of making as much money as possible each week. They are getting the reward for their effort toward the company’s production goals however, it’s not enough. These employees really have to make a decision concerning the reward versus their personal goals. In my opinion, the company needs to do 4 things to fix the issues at hand. First of all, the company needs to understand why the production goals are not reached and find solutions so that the employee can be successful. Secondly, they need to do a better job of communicating the production goals and standards. The third item that needs to change is the accountability of the employee to the production goals. Last of all, the company could even change the production levels that must be met to receive a bonus. The possibility of reaching the goals and receiving the reward/bonus will help the employee see the achievement of the performance reward relationship. Appendix Each Appendix appears on its own page. Footnotes 1Complete APA style formatting information may be found in the Publication Manual. Table 1 Type the table text here in italics; start a new page for each table [Insert table here] Figure Captions Figure 1. Caption of figure [Figures – note that this page does not have the manuscript header and page number] How to cite The Expectancy Theory of Motivation, Papers

Student In Sweden Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Student In Sweden Amerikas stater blev f?renade 1787. Samma ?r best?mde man en constitution som alla skulle f?lja. dvs Presidenten och hur mycket makt han skulle ha, och folkrepresationen senaten och kongressen. Man best?mde efter mycket debatterande att presidenten skulle ha makt ?ver milit?ren och ta hand om all utlandspolitik. Men Presidentens makt str?cker sig l?ngt ut i v?rlden. Han ses som v?rldens m?ktigaste person med hela Amerikanska krigsmakten bakom sig, (den starkaste i v?rlden)och USAs ekonomi ?r ocks? den mest stabila och starkaste, och den p?verkar resten av v?rldens ekonomi. Som nu n?r president valet fortfarande ?r ovisst s? sjunker v?rldens b?rser i v?ntan. Vad ?r det han g?r d Presidenten styr landet och kommer med lagf?rslag och budgetf?rslag som sen kongressen tar beslut om. Eftersom USA ?r en demokrati s? styr Presidenten inte ensam landet, han har hj?lp av sj?lv valda ministrar, experter och r?dgivare. Det ?r regeringen, men de ses endast som presidentens hj?lpredor. Presidenten ?r ocks? beroende av st?d ifr?n kongressen och h?gsta domstolen f?r att f? igenom sina f?rslag. Kongressen=riksdag Kongressen ?r folkets representant i Vita Huset. Den best?r av Senaten, i senaten finns tv? representanter ifr?n varje stat. Och representant huset som best?r av 435 platser som f?rdelas i val. H?gsta domstolen har en stabil makt position, den har kontroll ?ver lagar och uppr?tth?ller konstitutionens alla r?ttigheter. HD ser till att de politiska besluten f?ljer dem. H?gsta domstolen har nio domare, de utses p? livstid av kongressen av f?rslag ifr?n USA:s president. Den Amerikanska makten ?r uppdelad i tre, Presidenten. Kongressen och h?gsta domstolen. Det amerikanska folket gillar balans och p? detta s?tt balanseras makten och ingen kan missbruka den! Hur avs?tts en president d? om han g?r n?got d?ligt? Kongressen har endast makt att ?tala Presidenten f?r riksr?tt om han missbrukade sin makt. Man best?mde att fyra ?r skulle presidenten sitta i sin position, och m?jligheten att bli omvald var tilll?tet. F?r att bli president m?ste kandidaten ha mest elektors r?ster. Man inf?rde elektors r?ster f?r att ocks? de sm? staterna skulle ha n?gon makt. Annars blev de bara upp till de stora staterna som t.ex. Texas och Florida vem som best?mde vem som blev president. De sm? staterna har kanske 1 eller 2 elektors r?ster, medan Florida har hela 25. Det beror helt p? folkm?ngden. Den av kandidaterna som f?r flest r?ster i t.ex. Florida f?r d? 25 elektors r?ster. Det har ingenting med att g?ra hur m?nga r?ster en kandidat f?r av hela befolkningen, utan bara i staterna. De 50 f?renta staterna bildar tillsammans ett slags f?rbund, en s? kallad federation. Men varje delstat har ?nd? egna lagar och en slags statsminister (guvern?r). Demokrat eller Republikan ? Det finns tv? stora partier i USA, Demokraterna och Republikanerna, demokraterna som ?r ett v?nster parti och republikanerna ett h?ger. Fast till skillnad mot Sveriges flerparti system s? g?r den Amerikanska politiken inte s? mycket ut p? partier utan p? parti kandidater. I USA ?r man mer personlig, man r?star inte p? ett parti utan p? en person. Bara f?r att ett parti, t.ex republikanerna har maktposition i folkrepresentaionen plus en president s? betyder det inte att alla tror p? samma sak. Och man kan g? emot det egna partiet. Det kan bero p? att man kommer ifr?n olika delar av landet och kanske st?djer de som kommer ifr?n samma del. Personval ?r en stor del av det Amerikanska valen, det ?r ocks? s? med Senatorerna och kongressledamoterna. (Swedish==)